Sol–gel synthesis and characterization of magnesium ferrites by XRD, TEM, EPR, Mossbauer, and impedance spectroscopy

The MgFe2O4 sample was synthesized via the simplest Sol–Gel method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses show that the elaborated ferrite has a spherical shape and well crystallized in cubic spinel structure. In addition, the inverse structure of the MgFe2O4 sample was confirmed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectrometry. EPR studies reveal the existence of the paramagnetic oxygen vacancy $$({\text{V}}_{\text{O}}^{+})$$ in our sample which can be linked to the reaction process. The conductance measurements show that our sample has a metal–semiconductor transition and the conduction mechanism is governed by the NSPT mechanism. Moreover, Nyquist plot depicts a non-Debye relaxation phenomenon in our material. Furthermore, the Nyquist plot is modeled by an electrical equivalent circuit via Z-view software to rationalize the impedance results.