Rehospitalization in Infants Born < 29 Weeks' Gestation during the First 2 Years of Life: Risk Assessment.

Objective  This study aims to determine risk factors for rehospitalization in extremely premature infants. Study Design  A retrospective cohort study of 157 infants born  Results  Multivariable logistic regression showed that an increasing number of respiratory infections (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8 [1.1–3.1] per infection p  = 0.03) and inhaled steroid use at 1 year (OR: 4.0 [1.3–12.1] p  = 0.01) were predictive of hospital readmission. Diuretic (OR: 27 [1.01–1,000] p  = 0.04) and oxygen (OR: 32 [3.1–333] p  = 0.004) use at 1 year were predictive of pediatric intensive care unit admission. The number of respiratory infections (OR: 2.8 [1.7–4.5] p p  = 0.02 and OR: 22.7 [CI, 2.4–200] p  = 0.04) was predictive of increased number of rehospitalizations. Conclusions  Key modifiable risk factors identified were reflux/aspiration and ongoing respiratory infections. Critical time periods for diuretic, oxygen, and inhaled steroid use in this population occurred at the age of 1 year.