Noradrenaline in preterm infants with cardiovascular compromise

Noradrenaline (NA) is beneficial in the treatment of term newborns with cardiovascular compromise due to sepsis or pulmonary hypertension, but experiences with NA in preterm infants are limited. The aim of this study is to describe the efficacy and safety of NA in preterm infants. Patient records of preterm infants ≤32 weeks’ gestation admitted to two hospitals between 2004 and 2015 and who received NA were reviewed for perinatal morbidities and mortality. Clinical details were collected at the time of NA use, and response on blood pressure, perfusion and oxygenation was documented as well as possible side effects. Forty-eight infants with primary diagnoses of sepsis (63 %) and pulmonary hypertension (23 %) received NA. Normotension was achieved at a median of 1 h in all but one infant at a median dose of 0.5 mcg/kg/min. Infants who died (46 %) were of younger gestational age and had worse cardiovascular function at start of NA compared to infants who survived. Tachycardia was common (31 %), but no additional effects were found on kidney or liver function.