Profil Mycologique des Teignes du Cuir Chevelu en Milieu Scolaire à Parakou (Benin) en 2018

RESUME Introduction. Les teignes du cuir chevelu sont des infections fongiques dues a des dermatophytes consecutives a un parasitisme pilaire. L’objectif etait de determiner leur profil mycologique et les facteurs associes chez les ecoliers a Parakou (Benin), en 2018. Methodes. Il s’est agi d’une etude observationnelle, descriptive et transversale ayant porte sur les ecoliers selectionnes par un sondage aleatoire a deux degres. Les ecoliers tires par classe ont ete examines et ceux porteurs de lesions evocatrices de teignes ont subi un interrogatoire et un prelevement mycologique. L’analyse statistique des resultats a ete effectuee a l’aide du logiciel Epi Info 7.1.1.14. Resultats. Au total 706 ecoliers ont ete inclus. Leur âge moyen etait de 8,59 ± 2,11 ans. Le sex ratio etait de 0,98. Les lesions suspectes de teignes du cuir chevelu ont ete retrouvees chez 178 ecoliers (25,21%). L’examen direct etait positif chez 46 d’entre eux, soit une prevalence de 6,52%. Le Trichophyton soudanense etait l’espece la plus representee (54,35%), suivi de Trichophyton rubrum (19,57%). Le principal facteur associe a la survenue des teignes etait le sexe masculin (0,012). Conclusion. Les teignes du cuir chevelu constituent un probleme majeur de sante publique. Des communications pour le changement du comportement s’imposent afin de reduire leur prevalence en milieu scolaire. ABSTRACT Introduction. Moths of the scalp are fungal infections due to dermatophytes following hair parasitism. The objective was to determine their mycological profile and the factors associated in school children in Parakou (Benin), in 2018. Methods. It is about a descriptive and cross-sectional observational study of school children selected by a two-stage random survey. School children drawn by class were examined and those with evocative moths’ lesions had been submitted to an interrogation and a mycological sampling. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Epi Info 7.1.1.14. Results. A total of 706 school children were included. The average age was 8.59 ± 2.11 years. Sex ratio was 0.98. Suspicious lesions of moths of scalp were found in 178 children (25.21%). Direct examination was positive among 46 of them and then, prevalence was 6.52%. Trichophyton soudanense was the most represented specie (54.35%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (19.57%). The main factor associated with ringworm onset is male (p = 0.012). Conclusion. Moths of scalp are a major public health problem. Communication for behavioral change is needed to reduce their prevalence in schools.