Characterization of the exposure induced by a wireless network

During the last 20 years, the wireless technologies as well as the wireless services have known a remarkable growth. This wireless development has been fraught with large public concerns about the level of exposure to the electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted by these systems. A rigorous characterization of the induced exposure is based essentially on the investigation of the “antenna-human body” interactions. The first aspect of these interactions is reflected on the human absorption of a part of the power emitted by the device antenna. In return, the proximity of the user's body result some coupling effect, which can affect severely the antenna performances, such as the gain and the radiation pattern. These degradations, wherein the degree of severity depend on the position of the device and the configuration of use, combined with the propagation environment constitute a major factor in the variability of the emitted power on the uplink and consequently the related exposure. To analyze the real exposure, we propose a conjoint analysis of the variability of the exposure induced by the emitted power depending on the above parameters, using FDTD exposure simulations combined with statistical realizations of some propagation scenarios selected from the WINNER project. Therefore, in the first part of this work, we simulate the exposure of a heterogeneous child model using a mobile phone and a laptop emitting at 900 MHz and 1940 MHz, respectively. In the second part, the computed antenna gain is injected in a statistical propagation channel using the link budget equation to determine firstly the real emitted power before to deduce the induced exposure.