The Effects of TWEAK, Fn14, and TGF-β1 on Degeneration of Human Intervertebral Disc

Objective The purpose of this study is to explain the effect and reciprocal action among tumor necrosis factor (TNF) like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on degeneration of human intervertebral disc (IVD).