Three-year outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy using a 36 Fr bougie

Context Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a bariatric procedure that causes weight loss by reducing gastric capacity. The evaluation of the effectiveness of this procedure is in constant research. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the 3-year outcomes of LSG and its effect on preoperative diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) and to develop the de-novo gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) using a 36 Fr bougie size. Settings and design This is a prospective case series. Patients and methods Seventy-seven patients were included in the study that underwent LSG using a 36 Fr bougie. The preoperative BMI was recorded. The postoperative BMI and percentage excess weight loss were recorded at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 months. Furthermore, the postoperative status for DM and HTN were noticed with the development of de-novo GERD symptoms. Statistical analysis Continuous variables were expressed as mean±SD. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency and percentage. Results The mean±SD BMI preoperatively was 43.13±3.77 kg/m 2 . The mean±SD BMI after 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months was 37.19±3.28, 32.9±2.91, 29.23±2.75, 27.86±2, and 26.6±1.5 kg/m 2 , respectively. The mean percentage excess weight loss after 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months was 34.62±1.36, 55.94±5.88, 68.53±5.87, 72.08±4.92, and 74.99±4.99%, respectively. Of patients having type II DM, 70.3% showed dramatic improvement. In addition, with respect to HTN, 64.5% of the patients having HTN showed improvement. After the procedure, 17 (22.1%) patients suffered from GERD after 1 year, eight (10.4%) after 2 years, and four (5.2%) after 3 years. Conclusion LSG is an effective operation in weight loss and in the management of type II DM and HTN. However, long-term studies (>6 years) should be conducted to justify the maintenance of weight loss and the alleviation of the symptoms of GERD.