Macromolecular complexes from sheep and rabbit containing seven aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. I. Species specificity of the polypeptide composition.

Abstract Using a three-step procedure designed to minimize the risks of proteolysis, high molecular weight complexes containing the same seven aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for isoleucine, leucine, methionine, lysine, arginine, glutamic acid, and glutamine were purified from sheep liver and spleen, as well as from rabbit reticulocytes and liver. The polypeptide composition of these complexes, as revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is characteristic of the animal species from which they are derived. The complexes from sheep liver and spleen display indistinguishable polypeptide patterns composed of 11 major components. Of the 10 common components which characterize the complexes of rabbit reticulocytes and liver, 4 are also shared by the complexes from sheep, while 6 have distinctly different electrophoretic mobilities. Furthermore, in the case of the complex from rabbit reticulocytes, it is shown that the enzyme and polypeptide composition of the complex is independent of the purification method employed. The isolation of high molecular weight complexes of identical aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and polypeptide compositions from two cell types as radically different as rabbit reticulocytes and hepatocytes suggests that these multienzyme complexes do not arise as artifacts of preparation and supports the view that they reflect a structural organization existing within the cell.