Isolation and Analysis of Methanol Extract of Leaf of Senna siamea

This study aimed at isolation and characterization of biochemical constituents of the leaf extract of Senna siamea. The fresh leaves of Senna siamea were air-dried, pulverized and extracted using methanol by maceration method. The extract was screened for phytochemicals using standard methods. Fifty grammas (50 g) of the crude extract was defatted using n-hexane; 20 g was subjected to column chromatographic (CC) analysis using ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions with similar retardation factor (Rf) were pooled and coded. Subsequently purification of fraction SSM5 was carried out using CC with solvent [Toluene and n-butanol (4:1) as mobile phase]. The collection was based on colour bands) and TLC was carried out where a sub-fraction SSM54 amongst other fractions gave a single spot on TLC and the Rf value was 0.71. It was then subjected to UV, IR and GC-MS analysis. The extract by maceration yielded 12.60% w/w and the defatted extract yielded 10.0% w/w. The result of the UV-visible gave a wavelength of 289 nm and an absorbance of 4.268. The result of infrared spectroscopy revealed functional groups thus O-H, N-H, C-H stretching group at 3385.8 cm-1, -CHO at 2955.8 cm-1, -CHO stretching at 2926.0 cm-1,-NH3+ at 1640.0 cm-1, carboxylate ion–CO2- for amino acid at 1449.9cm-1, -N=N- at 1401.5 cm-1, -N+O-=N- at 1315.8 cm-, C-O-C at 1189 cm-1, Si-O at 1084 cm-1 and S=O at 1013.8. The GC-MS analysis of SSM54 revealed the presence of Diisoctyl phthalate, Purine-2,6-dione, 8-(3-Ethoxypropylamino)-1,3-dimethyl-3, 9-dihydro-, a-Pinene, 10-(dimethylaminomethyl), 1H-indene-2-ethanamine, N, N- dimethyl-3-[1-(2-pyrindinyl) ethyl] -, Benzene, 1, 2- bis(2,5 dimethylphenylaminomethyl)-3,6- dimethyl- and Cinnamic acid, p-(trimethylsiloxy)-, methyl ester were among the probable bioactive compounds.