Parkinson-related neuropathy.

INTRODUCTION Although Parkinson’s disease (PD) primarily affects the central nervous system, it is a multi-organ disease which also affects the eyes and the peripheral nervous system, including the autonomic fibers (,). PD-related disturbance of the peripheral nerves may result in sensory, motor, or autonomic neuropathy. Autonomic dysfunction can manifest as sicca syndrome, hypo-/hyperhidrosis, orthostatic hypotension, reduced blood pressure variability, reduced heart rate variability, nausea, constipation, vomiting, urinary dysfunction, or erectile dysfunction (). Non-motor manifestations, such as hyposmia, rapid eye movement [...]