Numerical Study of Spray-Induced Turbulence Using Industrial Fire-Mitigation Nozzles

A numerical investigation of the spray-induced turbulence generated from industrial spray nozzles is carried out to better understand the roles of the nozzle spray on the fires or explosions in different accidental scenarios. Numerical simulations are first validated against experimental data in the single nozzle case using the monodisperse and polydisperse assumption for droplet diameters. The polydispersion of the nozzle spray is proven to be necessary to correctly predict the gas and droplet velocities. The turbulent kinetic energy has dominant values inside the spray cone, decreases rapidly with the vertical distance from the spray nozzle, and is strongly affected by the spray droplet diameter. On the contrary, the integral length scale is found to have high values outside the spray cone. Two interacting sprays injected from different nozzles are then investigated numerically using the validated polydisperse model. The water sprays generated from such industrial nozzles can generate turbulence of high intensity in the near-nozzle region, and this intensity decreases with the distance from the nozzles. A better understanding of the turbulence generated by the spray system can be beneficial for the evaluation of several important phenomena such as explosion enhancement. The guideline values obtained from this investigation of single and double nozzles can be useful for large-scale numerical simulations.