Evolución espaciotemporal del riesgo de mortalidad por suicidio en la España peninsular (1999-2018)
2020
Background: Suicide is a major health problem,
whose underlying reasons and spatial-temporal risk patterns
are not well understood. This ecological study aims
to describe and characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of
suicide in mainland Spain during the period 1999-2018.
Methods: Data on mortality from suicide and population
at the provincial level were obtained from the
National Institute of Statistics. For each year, province,
and sex, we analysed the smoothed relative risks (RRs)
of suicide mortality using Bayesian hierarchical models.
Results: During the study period there were 63,307
suicide deaths, 47,849 in men and 15,458 in women.The
risk of suicide throughout the study period is above the national
average for both sexes in the provinces of Granada,
La Coruna, Lugo and Asturias. In men, this also happens in
Jaen. Men in Madrid and Cantabria and women in Madrid,
Toledo and Badajoz showed RRs less than 1 (PP<0.05) during
the 20 years of the study. The posterior probabilities
map indicates that most of the provinces in the Northwest
zone (Pontevedra, La Coruna, Lugo and Asturias in both
sexes and Leon and Orense in women) and Southeast (Jaen,
Malaga, Granada, Almeria in both sexes, and Cordoba and
Ciudad Real in men) present significantly high risks (posterior
probabilities greater than 0.95).
Conclusions: Our findings, identifying areas where
to direct programs or strategies to reduce or eliminate the
risk of mortality by suicide, show the importance of this
type of analysis in addressing public health problems.
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