Instrumentation in Underwater Environment

For underwater observation and exploration, the accurate measurement of few basic parameters is very important. During measurement process underwater noise plays an adverse effect, so noise measurement is essential to refine the result of other parameters. Sound, distance, and fish population measurements are common activities in oceanography. Finding proper instrumentation in this field is quite challenging due to the uncertain environment. This chapter describes the construction, operation, and performance of the different measurement system with different techniques for specific underwater applications. In addition, advances in sensors and processors with proper design ensure accurate measurement.