Unhygienic male circumcision procedures and HIV transmission [letter]

This first letter to the editor discusses the tendency to emphasize either cost or effectiveness in the evaluation of medicines rather than a systematic analysis that incorporates both considerations. The second disputes the association between circumcision and HIV infection prevalence rates in South Africans and hypothesizes that often unhygienic circumcision procedures among black South Africans may facilitate HIV transmission. The third letter argues in favor of male circumcision and discusses the findings from the study from Orange Farm.