Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis system and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis method

The invention provides a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis system which comprises a control unit, a pulse laser, a beam splitter, a movable positioning platform, a spectrum collecting unit, a spectrograph and a data processing system, wherein the beam splitter, the movable positioning platform, the spectrum collecting unit, the spectrograph and the data processing system are sequentially arranged along the emitted direction of pulse lasers; the beam splitter splits the emitted light pulse of the pulsed laser into a main light path and a sampling light path; the main light path is provided with a laser beam expanding-collimating and focusing optical system and a sample positioning unit which forms a feedback control with the movable positioning platform; the sampling light path is provided with a pulse laser energy measurement module and a pulse trigger delay unit; the control unit outputs multiple control signals; the control signal output ends of the control unit are respectively correspondingly connected to the sample positioning unit; and the data output end of the spectrograph is connected to the data processing system.