Scope of studies on CO2 mitigation

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the studies on CO 2 mitigation options such as CO 2 capture, sequestration, biological fixation, energy conservation, and renewable energy technologies. The atmospheric concentration of CO 2 , which is a main greenhouse gas, has grown significantly since pre-industrial times and caused an increase in global mean surface temperature. Therefore, CO 2 mitigation measures should intensively be implemented. There are two methods to mitigate the increase in the atmospheric CO 2 concentration. One is to reduce CO 2 emissions by improving energy-efficiency (relating to energy intensity) or developing fuel substitutes (relating to carbon intensity), and the other is to collect and then immobilize atmospheric or other CO 2 in the ocean or on land. Economic revenue over the short term is most important in realizing such measures. However, results of evaluations of energy consumption and its environmental impact as well as the potential for CO 2 reduction should also be taken into account for a long term plan of such systems.