[Colorectal cancer screening pilot program in Castilla-La mancha. Partial results after first round: 2015-2018.]

OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer is considered a public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality in developed countries. Primary preventions is not easy owing to the lack of knowledge of the main risk factors and the difficulty of modifying known risk factors, but it is one of the few tumors that meet the criteria for screening. In Spain, the Colorectal Cancer Population Screening Program was implemented in Catalonia in 2000, followed by the Valencian Community in 2005, beginning in Castilla La Mancha in April 2015. The objetive was to carry out a descriptive study of the results obtained in the first round of the Colorectal Cancer Screening Program at the Virgen de la Luz Hospital in Cuenca. METHODS A retrospective, descriptive and observational study was carried out from the colonoscopies carried out from May 1, 2015 to November 2018, analyzing the number of lesions detected, the histology, the sex and the age range with the greatest affectation, as well as if there was a relationship between the different variables using Pearson's Chi square test. The qualitative variables were presented by means of their distribution in absolute and relative frequencies, and the quantitative ones by mean and standard deviation. RESULTS The participation rate was 48.06%. 7.25% of fecal occult blood test were positive and 89% with a positive test had a colonoscopy. The positive of inmunological fecal occult test and the detection rate of adenomas were higher in men. 70.7% of colorectal cancers were diagnosed in early stages. There was no relationship between age and the presence of advanced lesions. CONCLUSIONS The rates of people with adenomas and people with invasive cancers in Cuenca province are lower than those registered in Castilla-La Mancha.