State-mandated staffing ratios within ESRD: benefits and costs.

: Currently at least five states regulate the ratio of licensed to unlicensed staff in dialysis clinics; ten states have required patient-to-staff ratios. In addition, nurse practice acts in at least 18 states strictly limit the practice of the patient care technician (PCT). State-mandated staffing ratios, coupled with restrictive nurse practice acts, may be impacting the delivery of care to renal patients. This article looks at the pros and cons of state-mandated staffing ratios within ESRD.