Phylogeny of the Gas‐Exchange System: Red Cell Function

The sections in this article are: 1 Evolution of Hemoglobin Molecule 2 Hemoglobin Function Inside Red Cells 2.1 Red Cell Metabolism 2.2 Allosteric Controllers of Hemoglobin Function 2.3 Red Cell pH 3 Oxygen Capacity of Blood 4 Hematopoiesis in Ectothermic Vertebrates 5 Oxygen Dissociation Curve and the Environment 5.1 Adaptations to Temperature 5.2 Adaptations to Hypoxia 5.3 Transition From Water Breathing to Air Breathing 6 Organismic Adaptations 6.1 Oxygen Uptake and Metabolic Machinery 6.2 Allometry 6.3 Circulatory Shunts 7 Conclusion