Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive acute disseminated encephalomyelitis mimicking limbic encephalitis: A case report

Abstract Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-ab) have been detected in various disorders of the central nervous system including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), optic neuritis, myelitis, and cortical encephalitis. We report an atypical case of MOG-ab-associated encephalomyelitis with part of the clinical manifestations resembling limbic encephalitis. Multifocal, hyperintense, bilateral lesions predominantly affecting the white matter on brain magnetic resonance imaging and marked response to steroid therapy were compatible with a MOG-ab-associated disease. This case illustrates that MOG-ab-associated disease should be considered in encephalomyelitis involving the bilateral limbic system.