Bone infarct transformation into undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in sickle cell disease: A case report.

Abstract Introduction Avascular necrosis of the bone is a very common finding in sickle cell disease (SCD). The malignant transformation of a pre-existing bone infarct is extremely rare, only few cases has been reported related to different etiologies one of which is SCD. Presentation of case 40 years old male, known to have SCD, he presented as a case of avascular necrosis of the left proximal femur. Upon further investigations the lesion has transformed into undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma also known as Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma (MFH). Discussion The exact mechanism of the malignant transformation of bone infarcts is not fully understood and yet to be investigated. Few cases were reported in literature of similar malignant transformation of a pre-exciting bone infarct and only one was linked to SCD. Conclusion In reporting this case we hope that further cases worldwide will be reported. A high index of suspicion should be present when encountering bone infarct lesion with an unusual course.