Глобальное обследование употребления табака среди молодежи в возрасте 13–15 лет в Российской Федерации: сравнение тенденций в 2004 и 2015 гг.

The aim of this study was to investigate tobacco consumption by adolescents 13 to 15 years of age in Russian cities (Moscow, Khabarovsk, Novosibirsk, Pskov, Cheboksary). Methods . A Russian version of GYTS (Global Youth Tobacco Survey, 2015) questionnaire was used. Results . Equal tobacco consumption by young people was noted in all regions of Russia. The overall consumption of tobacco products by adolescents was 10.4% to 19.7% (11.6% to 22.1% by boys and 10.4% to 17.5% by girls). Overall, 5.5% to 11.2% of adolescents consume cigarettes; of them, 5.2 % to 14.7% of boys and 5.9% to 8.0% of girls. Five to six of 10 adolescents have tried to quit smoking during the previous 12 months. Twenty eight per cent to 40.1% of adolescents exposed to secondhand smoke at home and 33.8% to 39.0% exposed to secondhand smoke inside public space; 35% to 53% of smokers bought cigarettes in shops, stands or in street vendors. The young age in 37.5% to 62.0% of smokers did not preclude from buying cigarettes. In points of sale, 7 – 8 from 10 adolescents noted antismoking information and 3 from 10 found tobacco advertisement or sales promotion. Sixty per cent to 70% of adolescents thought that passive smoking was harmful for them. Conclusion . The overall tendency was common for all Russian regions; it was 2- to 3-fold decrease in tobacco smoking prevalence, two-fold decrease in home secondhand smoke prevalence and 2.5-fold decrease in secondhand smoke prevalence at public spaces and in tobacco products availability. Adolescents increasingly (> 90%) aligned the indoor smoking ban in public places and were aware of tobacco smoking danger. There is a reduction in information pool on tobacco consumption in TV programs and other videos. Nevertheless, there is a tendency to reduction in number of adolescents trying to quit tobacco consumption and those who wants quitting in future. Therefore, new directions and changes in tobacco control strategy are needed.