Survival, by Birth Weight and Gestational Age, in Individuals With Congenital Heart Disease: A Population‐Based Study

BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) survival estimates are important to understand prognosis and evaluate health and social care needs. Few studies have reported CHD survival estimates according to maternal and fetal characteristics. This study aimed to identify predictors of CHD survival and report conditional survival estimates. Methods and ResultsCases of CHD (n=5070) born during 1985–2003 and notified to the Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey (NorCAS) were matched to national mortality information in 2008. Royston–Parmar regression was performed to identify predictors of survival. Five‐year survival estimates conditional on gestational age at delivery, birth weight, and year of birth were produced for isolated CHD (ie, CHD without extracardiac anomalies). Year of birth, gestational age, birth weight, and extracardiac anomalies were independently associated with mortality (all P≤0.001). Five‐year survival for children born at term (37–41 weeks) in 2003 with average birth weight (within 1 SD of...