Approaches to determine hazard properties for EU waste classification

The assessment and the evaluation on the classification of waste are applied to each distinctive waste stream, which is generated by a waste producer. When there is more than one waste type, the evaluator of a waste should examine each one separately. The classification of a waste is under the principles of the Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC (WFD) and it must not be confused with the criteria for acceptance of waste as set out by the Landfill Directive. The WFD is directly affected by the Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 on the Classification Labelling and Packaging of substances and mixtures (CLP), by means of hazard classes and categories. However, before the evaluation of the risk coming from a waste it should be examined the exclusions from the scope of the directive. A special case is the Mining Waste Directive. Every waste stream that is not excluded from the scope of WFD is to be classified according to WFD and List of Waste (Decision 2000/532/EC, as amended by the EU Decision (EU) 2014/955 - LoW). Furthermore, the criteria and the limit values for the proper classification have been revised recently and now they are under the scope of The Regulation (EU) No. 1357/2014 on the replacement of Annex III to Directive 2008/98/EC. The hazard assessment of a waste is based on 15 (HP1 to HP15) of the Annex to Regulation (EU) 1357/2014, which must be separately examined. (The new regulation the hazardous properties H1 to H15, as defined in Annex III to Directive (EC) 2008/98, were renamed as HP1 to HP15). The assessment starts with the investigation and identification of hazardous ingredients, which may be contained in the waste and compare their content based on the limit values defined in Regulation 1357/2014/EU. If necessary, the risk assessment may require of specific tests per hazardous property for the waste. The legal analysis as to waste identification and classification is a tool for sustainable eco management, which achieves long living restoration systems. According to the adopted legislation a waste producer shall not mixed hazardous waste, either with other categories of hazardous waste or with other waste, substances or materials. Therefore, in order to promote the techniques of proper restoration, every waste stream should be evaluated in order to make certain that the mixing of wastes as backfilling or construction material activities harm neither the environment nor human.