Light-driven ATP regeneration in diblock/grafted hybrid vesicles.

Light-driven ATP regeneration systems combining ATP synthase and bacteriorhodopsin have been proposed as an energy supply in the field of synthetic biology. Energy is required to power biochemical reactions within artificially created reaction compartments like protocells, which are typically based on either lipid or polymer membranes. The insertion of membrane proteins in different hybrid membranes is delicate and studies comparing these systems with liposomes are needed. Here we present a detailed study of membrane protein functionality in different hybrid compartments made of graft polymer PDMS-g-PEO and diblock copolymer PBd-PEO. Activity of more than 90% in lipid/polymer based hybrid vesicles could prove an excellent biocompatibility. A significant enhancement of long-term stability (80% remaining activity after 42 days) could be demonstrated in polymer/polymer based hybrids.