Remarkable increases of α1-antichymotrypsin in brain tissues of rodents during prion infection

ABSTRACTα1-Antichymotrypsin (α1-ACT) belongs to a kind of acute-phase inflammatory protein. Recently, such protein has been proved exist in the amyloid deposits which is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, but limitedly reported in prion disease. To estimate the change of α1-ACT during prion infection, the levels of α1-ACT in the brain tissues of scrapie agents 263K-, 139A- and ME7-infected rodents were analyzed, respectively. Results shown that α1-ACT levels were significantly increased in the brain tissues of the three kinds of scrapie-infected rodents, displaying a time-dependent manner during prion infection. Immunohistochemistry assays revealed the increased α1-ACT mainly accumulated in some cerebral regions of rodents infected with prion, such as cortex, thalamus and cerebellum. Immunofluorescent assays illustrated ubiquitously localization of α1-ACT with GFAP positive astrocytes, Iba1-positive microglia and NeuN-positive neurons. Moreover, double-stained immunofluorescent assays and immunohistoche...