Primary Pure Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Rare Entity

Introduction: Adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm of the gallbladder. Although areas of squamous differentiation may be seen in adenocarcinoma, primary pure squamous cell carcinoma is rarely reported and accounts for less than 1% of all gallbladder malignancies. Case Report: We report a 50-year-old female who presented with right upper quadrant pain. She was operated on based on a presumptive diagnosis of acute cholecystitis with Empyema of gallbladder according to clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Histopathological examination revealed well differentiated keratinized squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating into the muscle layer up to the serosa. Thorough evaluations by CT scan of abdomen post operatively revealed no other primary site for the tumor. Conclusions: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare histological finding.