Tips and tricks for successfully culturing and adapting human induced pluripotent stem cells

Abstract Reprogramming somatic cells towards pluripotency became possible over a decade ago. Since then, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have served as a versatile and powerful tool not only for basic research but also with the long-term goal of using them in human cell transplantation after differentiation. Nonetheless, downstream applications are frequently blurred by the difficulties that researchers have to face when working with iPSCs, such as trouble with clonal selection, in vitro culture and cryopreservation, adaptation to feeder-free conditions or expansion of the cells. Therefore, in this article we aim to provide other researchers with practical and detailed information to successfully culture and adapt iPSCs. Specifically, we (i) describe which are the most common problems when in vitro culturing iPSCs onto feeder cells as well as its possible troubleshooting and (ii) compare different matrices and culture media for adapting the iPSCs to feeder-free conditions. We believe that the troubleshooting and recommendations provided in this article can be of use to other researchers working with iPSCs and that may be experiencing similar issues, hopefully enhancing the appealing of this promising cell source to be used for biomedical investigations, such as tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications.