I partiti della Grande Recessione contro i partiti della Grande Depressione. Un nuovo cleavage o un'altra bolla?

EnglishIn the wake of the Great Recession many new parties have emerged throughout Europe. By adopting an anti-establishment narrative and oftentimes a populist posture, these parties have challenged the traditional or mainstream political actors which have characterized and structured West European party systems since the end of the Great Depression in the X X century. The present article explores the emergence of the «Great Recession Parties» and, in particular, it focuses on the main causai mechanisms explaining the recent electoral success of populist parties. More specifically it evaluates whether and to what extent the populist surge is mainly driven by the economic downturn (the economic insecurity perspective), the reaction to the spread of progressive values in Western societies (the cultural backlash hypothesis) or the collusive behavior of mainstream political parties (the cartelization thesis). In the final sections, the article explores also the consequences of the emergence of populist actors for the dynamics and the stability of West European party systems. italianoIntroduzione. - La lunga crisi dei partiti della Grande Depressione. - Il successo e le caratteristiche dei partiti della Grande Recessione. - Le spiegazioni. - Gli effetti di breve termine sui sistemi partitici. - Un nuovo cleavage o un'altra bolla?