Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Background New noninvasive and affordable molecular approaches that will complement current practices and increase the accuracy of Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis are urgently needed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable noncoding RNAs that accumulate with aging in neurons and are increasingly shown to regulate all aspects of neuronal development and function. Objectives Τhe aims of this study were to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in blood mononuclear cells of patients with idiopathic PD and explore the competing endogenous RNA networks affected. Methods Eighty-seven circRNAs were initially selected based on relatively high gene expression in the human brain. More than half of these were readily detectable in blood mononuclear cells using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Comparative expression analysis was then performed in blood mononuclear cells from 60 control subjects and 60 idiopathic subjects with PD. Results Six circRNAs were significantly down-regulated in patients with PD. The classifier that best distinguished PD consisted of four circRNAs with an area under the curve of 0.84. Cross-linking immunoprecipitation-sequencing data revealed that the RNA-binding proteins bound by most of the deregulated circRNAs include the neurodegeneration-associated FUS, TDP43, FMR1, and ATXN2. MicroRNAs predicted to be sequestered by most deregulated circRNAs have the Gene Ontology categories "protein modification" and "transcription factor activity" mostly enriched. Conclusions This is the first study that identifies specific circRNAs that may serve as diagnostic biomarkers for PD. Because they are highly expressed in the brain and are derived from genes with essential brain functions, they may also hint on the PD pathways affected. © 2021 Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.