СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНА РЕАКЦІЯ ЛЕГЕНЕВОЇ ТКАНИНИ ТА СУДИН МАЛОГО КОЛА КРОВООБІГУ ЛАБОРАТОРНИХ ЩУРІВ НА РАННІЙ СТАДІЇ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ГОСТРОГО ПЕРИТОНІТУ

The aim of our research was the experimental study of morphological and functional changes in lung tissue in the development of acute peritonitis. Material and methods of investigation: morphometric (measurement of interalveolar septa thickness, diameter of alveoli), histological for studying of lung tissue structure on the light-optical level, statistical. The experiment was performed on 40 white male rats: 10 animals were as an intact control group, 30 animals were modeled with acute peritonitis. Results of the research . Despite the significant progress of clinical medicine, peritonitis and its associated complications are the one of the important problems of surgical practice. Polyorgan failure (as a consequence of acute peritonitis) is an impotent cause of complication of the disease and lethality. And the lungs are the one of the first target of this disease. In the study, already during the development of the toxic stage of acute peritonitis, the morphological signs of the reactions of blood vessels in both the lungs and bronchial were observed light-optically. The desquamated epithelial cells were observe in the lumens of bronchioles. Activation of the secretory function of goblet cells of bronchial mucosa, local expansion of alveoli, thickening of most alveolar septa became a reaction to the course of the pathological process. The appearance of spasmodic bronchioles was characteristic at this time. Conclusions . Experimental acute peritonitis in white male rats caused a reaction in the bronchi epithelium, in alveoli and in the vascular system of lung. The acute peritonitis initiates endotoxicosis and development of dystrophic processes and disruption of normal tissue-vascular interactions. In the early stage of acute peritonitis, the course of compensatory-adaptive reactions occurred in parallel with the development of signs of destruction: an increase in the secretory activity of goblet cells, increasing clearance of some alveoli, thickening of interalveolar septa, edema of structural elements of the walls of the blood vessels.