Marine Environmental Status and Blue Bay Remediation in Xiamen

Abstract In this chapter, we first provide an overview of Xiamen Bay, an important port in China. By reviewing previous published research and unpublished data, the climatology, hydrology, geology, and biodiversity in the bay, and some of the most concerning ecological disasters are described. Second, extensive reclamation works in Xiamen Bay since the year 1955 are summarized. The main reclamation projects are Gaoji Dike, Xinglin Dike, Maluan Dike, Yundang Dike, and Dongkeng Dike. By the year 2010, the total area of reclamation in Xiamen Bay had reached ~ 140 km 2 . These reclamation works greatly changed the coastline structure and as a result the hydrodynamics and marine ecosystems of Xiamen Bay are changed. Third, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) and its application to environmental management of Xiamen Bay are introduced. Furthermore, a modeling case study on the temporal and spatial variability of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in tidal cycles is conducted, and the dredging-produced SSC increment in Xiamen Bay and the resultant marine pollutions are discussed. Finally, some suggestions are provided for the blue bay remediation in Xiamen.