Hund-induced orbital isotropy of magnetic fluctuations in perovskite materials

Characterizing non-local magnetic fluctuations in materials with strong electronic Coulomb interactions remains one of the major outstanding challenges of modern condensed matter theory. Here, we address the spatial symmetry and orbital structure of magnetic fluctuations in perovskite materials, within an anisotropic three-orbital model with a cubic $t_{2g}$ symmetry. To this effect, we develop a consistent multi-orbital diagrammatic extension of dynamical mean field theory, which allows for a proper description of many-body effects. We find that the form of spatial spin fluctuations is governed by the local Hund's coupling. For small values of the coupling, magnetic fluctuations are anisotropic in orbital space, which reflects the symmetry of the considered $t_{2g}$ model. Large Hund's coupling enhances collective spin excitations, which mixes orbital and spatial degrees of freedom, and magnetic fluctuations become orbitally isotropic. Remarkably, this effect can be seen only for two-particle quantities, because single-particle observables remain anisotropic for any value of the Hund's coupling. Importantly, we find that the orbital isotropy can be induced in both half-filled and doped cases, where the magnetic instability is associated with different, antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic modes, respectively.