Background noise characteristic estimation method for point source Hartmann wavefront detector

The invention relates to a background noise characteristic estimation method for a point source Hartmann wavefront detector. The background noise characteristic estimation method comprises the following steps: when background noise of a certain sub aperture is estimated, firstly accumulating grey levels of an aperture image in the x direction or the y direction; then performing DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) on vectors obtained through accumulation; and then fitting the vectors after transformation according to half height and overall width of Hartmann diaphragm so as to obtain noise characteristics of mean value and variance. Relative to the existing background noise estimation method, the background noise characteristic estimation method can estimate statistical characteristics of the background noise more accurately, so that the stability and precision of point source Hartmann wavefront detection are improved, and the method is simple, stable and easy to realize.