Insect threats and conservation through the lens of global experts

Abstract While many recent studies have focused on global insect population trends, all are limited either in space or taxonomic scope. Since global monitoring programs for insects are not implemented, biased data are therefore the norm. However, expert opinion is both valuable and widely available, and should be fully exploited when hard data are not available. Our aim is to use global expert opinion to provide insights on the root causes of potential insect declines worldwide, as well as on effective conservation strategies that could mitigate insect biodiversity loss. We obtained 753 responses from 413 respondents with a wide variety of expertise. The most relevant threats identified through the survey were agriculture and climate change, followed by pollution, while land management and land protection were recognized as the most significant conservation measures. Nevertheless, there were differences across regions and insect groups, reflecting the variability within the most diverse class of living organisms on our planet. Lack of answers for certain biogeographic regions or taxa also reflects the need for research, particularly in less investigated settings. Our results provide a first step towards understanding global threats and conservation measures for insects.