Nitrous oxide’s impact on net greenhouse gas savings from biofuels: life-cycle analysis comparison

We discuss the likely impact of agricultural fertiliser N use on the global nitrous oxide (N2O) budge, as described by Crutzen et al. (2008). We then project the impact of full N2O accounting in biofuel net Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions using the life-cycle analyses from Farrell et al. (2006) (ERG Biofuels Analysis Meta-Model (EBAMM)), Liska et al. (2008) (Biofuel Energy Systems Simulator (BESS)) for corn-based ethanol production and Smith et al. (2006) (Bioethanol GHG Calculator (BGGC)) for wheat-based ethanol. USA biofuel production, even if nominally fulfilling the requirements, may trigger a net increase in global warming.