Local Drug Delivery to Treat Chronic Periodontitis

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontium characterized by increased pocket depth, clinicalattachment loss, sulcular bleeding, and bone loss. Bacterial plaque bio-film stimulates host derived enzymes and cytokineslike TNF , IL-1 and matrix metalloproteases that lead to destruction of periodontium, collagenolytic activity, decreasedbone mineral density, intra-bony defects and ultimately bone loss. Chronic periodontitis is managed by conventional andsystemic approach, where conventional therapy comprises of scaling and root planning. Mechanical debridement of plaquealso requires an adjunct to eradicate the root cause of progressing disease. Hence, worldwide paradigm has shifted towardsnovel therapies; therefore, local delivery of drug is now preferred due to direct access to target sites with considerably lessadverse effects and a better approach to deal with chronic periodontitis. The nano-particle technology to treat periodontitisis still an emerging and promising strategy for the management of disease with the provision of minimal dose, less invasiveprocedure and clinical efficacy.