Risk factors, clinical features, angiographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of young myocardial infarction patients

Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is leading cause of death and accounts for around 12 million deaths annually worldwide (Khan et al., 2004; Maskey et al., 2003). The aim of this paper is to study the clinical profile of young patients with coronary artery disease. Materials and methods This study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology, U.N. Mehta Institute of Cardiology from January 2012 to December 2013. CAD was defined as >1 epicardial coronary segment with stenosis >25% and was diagnosed visually and using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) software. Results A total of 302 S-T segment elevation myocardial infarction patients were included. Mean age of presentation was 35.3 years. 93% of the patients were males. Tobacco chewing and smoking were in 38% and 53% of the patients. 70.1% of the patients had single vessel disease. LMCA, LAD, LCX and RCA lesions were present in 2.3%, 18.5%, 14.6%, 26.1% respectively. 142 patients were advised percutaneous intervention in the form of angioplasty, 139 patients medical management and 21 patients bypass surgery. Significant number of patients in the thrombolysed group (51%) had medical management for CAD. The patients who underwent thrombolysis within 3 h of window period had favourable outcome in the form that 52% of them were advised medical management. Conclusion The present study provides the evidence that young patients with acute MI-STEMI tend to be males with high prevalence of smoking, tobacco chewing, hypertension, dyslipidemia. Thrombolysis within 3 h of window period is extremely favourable as they are predominantly thrombotic occlusions.