Hepatitis E virus infection in wild mongooses of Okinawa, Japan : Demonstration of anti-HEV antibodies and a full-genome nucleotide sequence

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a single-strand RNA virus, has been recovered not only from human beings but also from various species of animals. Here we report our results suggesting that mongoose should be added to the list of reservoir animals of HEV. Of 100 mongooses we examined in Okinawa, Japan, 21 were thought to be positive for anti-HEV antibodies, among which one was definitely positive for HEV RNA. Full-genome sequencing of the HEV isolate revealed that it segregates to a unique subgroup within genotype III. Interestingly, this mongoose strain was closely related to a swine isolate previously reported from Okinawa, implicating the possibility of interspecies transmission between these animals.