Crystalloid agents used in perioperative infusion therapy in children

Introduction . Today, it is proved that certain homeostatic shifts occur in patients during the intraoperative and postoperative (especially early) period. Success of conducted surgical treatment considerably depends not only on successful anesthesia and surgery but also on effective postoperative treatment. Proper management of an early postoperative period in children is of utmost importance due to physiological features of homeostasis, water-electrolyte metabolism and fluid composition regulation. The purpose was to confirm that infusion therapy aimed at homeostatic disorder correction is one of the main components of treatment during the postoperative period; infusion solution selected during the initial treatment is a key value to the expected therapy outcome. Materials and methods . Cyberleninka, PubMed, Medline, Crossref databases were used when analyzing literature. The search was not limited by the date of publication, the publications of the last decade were prioritized. Results . In the majority of cases, infusion therapy is given empirically as an exact idea of liquid status and its redistribution is lacking and proper selection of an optimal method of infusion therapy is necessary. The advantage of using a solution during the early postoperative period as initial therapy is an open issue. Solution of NaCl 0.9% is still being used though there were many reports describing its impact on electrolyte and acid-base blood balance. The use of balanced solutions has been moving to the forefront lately as they approach blood plasma composition the most. Along with conventional methods of infusion therapy, a domestic infusion solution of antihypoxic drugs is at our disposal at well, as it is capable to restore disturbed cellular energy. Conclusion . Thus, we have a variety of types and methods of infusion therapy. However, it is still unclear what type is the most effective in restoring the internal homeostasis as soon as possible reducing the rate of morbidity and mortality.