Comparación de la calidad de semilla de caña de azúcar en el segundo corte según el método de saneamiento
2009
En Semilleros Registrados de cana azucar de tres cultivares, provenientes de diferentes origenes de saneamiento, se compararon los componentes de produccion de cana semilla para la edad de soca 1 (segundo corte del semillero). La semilla estaba libre de RSD (Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli) y escaldadura de la hoja (Xanthomonas albilineans). El diseno experimental fue completamente aleatorizado, con cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: dos origenes de la semilla, micropropagada e hidrotermotratada (50oC, 2 h), y tres variedades (LCP 85-384, CP 65-357 y CP 48-103). Cada parcela experimental constaba de cinco surcos de 3 m y se evaluo la cana de los tres surcos centrales. En la cosecha del semillero, se contaron todos los tallos por parcela y se midio su altura hasta hoja +1. En una muestra de 36 tallos por parcela se determino el peso, el diametro en la parte media y el numero de yemas por tallo. A partir de los datos obtenidos, se calculo el numero de yemas por surco de 100 metros de longitud y la produccion de cana por parcela. La cana semilla micropropagada presento mayor altura y peso por tallo y una mayor produccion de cana que la semilla termotratada. En cuanto al numero de tallos, diametro y numero de yemas por tallo y por surco, no hubo diferencias significativas relacionadas al origen de la semilla. La variedad afecto significativamente a todos los componentes de la produccion de cana semilla, a excepcion de la altura de tallos, que solo dependio del origen de la simiente. ABSTRACT Assessment of first ratoon seedcane quality obtained through different methods Seedcane production components were assessed in first ratoon (cane from second cut) from Registered Nurseries obtained through micropropagation and hot water treatment (50oC, 2 h) of LCP 85-384, CP 65-357 and CP 48-103 cultivars. Micropropagated and hot-water-treated seedcane was free from ratoon stunting disease (RSD) (Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli) and leaf scald (Xanthomonas albilineans). A completely randomized factorial design (3x3x2) with four replications was used and the evaluated treatments were: two origins (micropropagation and hot water treatment) and three varieties (LCP 85-384, CP 65-357 and CP 48-103). Each experimental plot consisted of five three-meter-long rows, and the three central ones were assessed. During harvest in the nursery, stalks in the plots were counted, and their height up to +1 leaf was measured. In a 36-stalk sample, stalk weight and diameter of middle part, and bud number per stalk and row were assessed. With these data, bud numbers per 100-meter-long rows and cane yield per plot were calculated. Micropropagation resulted in taller and heavier stalks and higher cane yield as compared with hot water treatment. Nevertheless, cane origin did not lead to significant differences as regards stalk number, diameter and bud number. Variety affected all seedcane production components significantly, except for stalk height, which depended solely on seedcane origin.
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