Extraction and characterization of cellulose fiber of durian rinds from north sumatera as the raw material for textile fiber

Cellulose is a kind of biopolymer that abundance in nature. Cellulose has been utilized in the wide area, i.e. textile fibre. Cellulose fibre for this kind of application was obtained from the fibre of pineapple, bamboo, hemp, jute, flax, kenaf and banana. Textile fibre based on cellulose is known as rayon, a derivate of cellulose. The aim of this research is to extract and characterize the cellulose fibre that obtained from durian rinds as the alternative of textile fibre. The characterization for the cellulose fibre including FT-IR, SEM, DSC, and XRD. The FT-IR spectra showed the heating treatment around 70-80°C can separate the lignin and hemicellulose from the durian rinds. SEM analysis showed the similar result, the heating process during the alkalization treatment able to separate lignin from the cellulose matrix, that was shown with the smoothest surface of cellulose fibre. DSC thermogram for the cellulose without heating process showed two peaks at 406 and 443°C. The lower value was obtained for the cellulose with heating process that showed at 362 and 386°C. Crystallinity degree of the obtained cellulose was 68 and 47% for without and with heating process, respectively.