Preparation method of 3-furfural product

The invention discloses a preparation method of a 3-furfural product. A palladium catalyst, a heteropoly acid catalyst and a Lewis acid catalyst are selected and dissolved in a three-neck bottle containing 1 mol/L solvent, and water-bath heating is conducted till the temperature ranges from 40 DEG C to 90 DEG C; alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester and aliphatic aldehydes are selected and mixed with each other, a mixed solution is dropwise added into a flask, and stirring reflux reaction is conducted at the temperature ranging from 40 DEG C to 90 DEG C; after reaction is completed, an extraction agent is added for separation, 3-furoic acid esters are obtained through reduced pressure distillation, and the 3-furfural product is obtained after a reaction is conducted by adding a reducing agent into the flask. According to the preparation method of the 3-furfural product, the alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester, the aliphatic aldehydes, the heteropoly acid catalyst and the like which are all frequently-used chemical reagents are adopted, the cost is low, operation is convenient and easy to carry out, bulk production can be conducted, the pollution to the environment is less, and the reaction is environmentally friendly; meanwhile, the 3-furfural product is an intermediate with wide application prospect, and synthesis and applications of down-stream products of the 3-furfural product has the wide application prospect.