Biochemical Profile of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) undergoing regular Hemodialysis

Kidneys play a vital role in the removal of metabolic waste products in the form of urine. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the decline in kidney function for more than 3 months. This study was designed to investigate comorbidities associated with CKD and to evaluate biochemical parameters of patients undergoing regular hemodialysis from different areas of Punjab. This is a population-based study, conducted at Tahir Heart Institute, Chenab-Nagar, Pakistan. In which 26 (15 males and 11 female) patients (mean age 56 ± 6 years) diagnosed with CKD stage-v and initiated dialysis in a regular manner. Their renal function tests, liver function tests, electrolytes, albumin, and vitamin-D were performed, and appropriate statistical analysis was done. Results showed that CKD affects more males than females. Hypertension is leading comorbidity with CKD around 46%, hypertension, and diabetes both 26.9%, diabetes 15.4%, cardiovascular diseases 7.69% and other 3.8%. Level of urea, creatinine, potassium, and phosphorus was higher in a patient with no significant gender difference. Iron and vitamin–D were deficient in all these patients and this deficiency was higher in female patients. Our findings provide comorbidities that leads towards kidney failure and an overview of routine biochemical parameters of CKD stage-v patients with gender differences.