Immunohistochemical assessment of Viadent-associated leukoplakia.

Summary Studies show an association between sanguinarine, the active ingredient in Viadent ® oral health care products, and oral premalignant lesions. The study was undertaken to quantitatively compare the staining profiles of sanguinarine-associated leukoplakia to normal and dysplastic specimens. Archived oral mucosal specimens were stained for tumor markers p16, p53, cyclin D1, Ki-67, and Bcl-x and analyzed through Simple PCI ® image analysis software. Quantitative analyses showed trends towards intermediate staining in Viadent ® -related specimens (Ki-67: normal: 18.12 ± 2.15, Viadent ® : 16.12 ± 2.16, dysplasia: 14.53 ± 2.04, p  > 0.05; cyclin D1: normal: 15.65 ± 3.68, Viadent ® : 12.52 ± 3.57, dysplasia: 1.94 ± 3.93, p ® : 49.74 ± 4.16, dysplasia: 45.03 ± 4.45; p  > 0.05; p53:normal: 2.65 ± 1.37, Viadent ® : 4.64 ± 1.52, dysplasia: 8.71 ± 1.37; p Our Viadent ® profiles, intermediate between normal and dysplasia, support a preneoplastic nature of this process.