Fabrication of thiazole derivatives functionalized graphene decorated with fluorine, chlorine and iodine@SnO2 nanoparticles for highly sensitive detection of heavy metal ions

Abstract In the present work, 2­-aminobenzothiazole and 2-­amino­-4-­thiazoleacetic acid functionalized graphene decorated with fluorine, chlorine and iodine@SnO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method, respectively. The morphology and structure of these obtained nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS). Results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) demonstrated that thiazole derivatives functionalized graphene decorated with fluorine@SnO 2 had superior performance for detection of Cu 2+ than others. Electrochemical sensor based on this nanocomposite was constructed for detection of Cu 2+ and a wider linear range was obtained from 2 to 1000 nM with a detection limit of 0.3 nM (S/N = 3). Moreover, simultaneous detection of Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ was realized with high sensitivity and selectivity by the sensor owing to synergetic effects of thiazole derivatives, fluorine@SnO 2 and graphene. Finally, the sensor was applied to real sample analysis with a satisfactory result.