Quimioterapia neoadjuvante e reconstrução mamária imediata: uma boa opção?

The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immediate breast reconstruction is a field under discussion. There are doubts whether the association of events could result in an increase of postoperative complications in patients undergoing the surgical procedure. Methods: Retrospective study of patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction from January 2010 to January 2012. Patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were compared with those who had not received any form of chemotherapy and those who received adjuvante chemotherapy. Results: Fifty-four patients were selected, totalizing 71 immediate breast reconstructions. Thirteen patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (15 reconstructions) twenty-three patients did not receive chemotherapy (33 reconstructions) and eighteen received adjuvante chemotherapy (23 reconstructions). Minor complications occurred in 33.3% of breast reconstruction in the group undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. There were 6.7% of major complications in the same group. There was no statistical differences in the number of minor and major complications between groups. Conclusion: In the series analyzed, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not increase the number of postoperative complications in patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction...(AU) A combinacao de quimioterapia neoadjuvante e reconstrucao mamaria imediata e um campo em discussao. Ha duvidas se a associacao dos eventos poderia resultar em um aumento de complicacoes pos-operatorias nas pacientes submetidas ao procedimento cirurgico. Metodos: Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes submetidas a reconstrucao mamaria imediata no periodo de janeiro de 2010 a janeiro de 2012. As pacientes submetidas a quimioterapia neoadjuvante foram comparadas com as que nao receberam qualquer forma de quimioterapia e com as que receberam quimioterapia adjuvante. Resultados: Cinquenta e quatro pacientes foram selecionadas, totalizando 71 reconstrucoes mamarias imediatas. Treze pacientes receberam quimioterapia neoadjuvante (15 reconstrucoes), vinte e tres pacientes nao receberam quimioterapia (33 reconstrucoes) e 18 receberam quimioterapia adjuvante (23 reconstrucoes). Complicacoes menores ocorreram em 33,3% das reconstrucoes mamarias no grupo submetido a neoadjuvância. Houve 6.7% de complicacoes maiores no mesmo grupo. Nao houve diferencas estatisticas no numero de complicacoes menores e maiores entre os grupos. Conclusao: Na serie analisada, o emprego da quimioterapia neoadjuvante nao resultou em aumento do numero de complicacoes pos-operatorias em pacientes submetidas a reconstrucoes mamarias imediatas...(AU)