Effect Size Estimates for the ESCAPE Trial Proportional Odds Regression Versus Other Statistical Methods

Background and Purpose—Ordinal outcomes, such as modified Rankin Scale (mRS), are the standard primary end points in acute stroke trials. Regression models for assessing treatment efficacy after adjusting for baseline covariates have been developed for continuous, binary, or ordinal end points. There has been no consensus on the best choice of method for analyzing these data. Methods—We compared several regression models for assessing treatment efficacy in acute stroke trials using existing data sets from the Interventional Management of Stroke-III and Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism II (PROACT-2) trials. Patients with baseline non–contrast computed tomographic Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) > 5, baseline computed tomographic angiography, or conventional angiogram showing an intracranial internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery trunk (M-1) occlusion, adequate collateral circulation shown on computed tomographic angiography, and treatment times of non–contrast computed t...