Brief review of multiple charge state ECR ion sources in Lanzhou

Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion sources have been under development in Institute of Modern physics (IMP) for more than 25 years. With these years' study, we have done a lot in this field and developed many outstanding high performance ECR ion sources including the 10 GHz LECR 1 (Lanzhou ECR ion source No. 1), 14.5 GHz LECR2, the double-frequency heating ECR ion source-LECR3 and the latest being developed fully superconducting source-SECRAL (Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design at Lanzhou), which is supposed to be a higher performance source with an innovative magnet design. Apart from the solenoidal coils type ECR ion sources we have also constructed some all permanent ECR ion sources, such as the LAPECR1 (Lanzhou All Permanent ECR ion source No. 1) and LAPECR2. These sources mentioned above work together to deliver intense multiple charge state ion beams for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou) accelerators' injection and atomic physics research. In this paper, we will have a brief review on the IMP ECR ion sources and the typical results of the gaseous element ion beams and also the metallic ion beams. The application of the ion beams on accelerators and atomic physics research will be briefly introduced. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.