Exploring public engagement and social acceptability of geothermal energy in the Philippines: A case study on the Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Complex

Abstract The Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Complex was one of the first two geothermal projects for exploration and development in the Philippines. The study aims to identify critical issues and supporting factors for geothermal energy projects in the Philippines by collecting and analyzing qualitative and quantitative data from various stakeholders of the Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Complex. The case study reveals that stakeholders of barangays with geothermal facilities were agreeable to geothermal energy. Frequent periodic and strategic public engagement initiated by geothermal resource developers and local government can develop trust and improve integration of geothermal energy with the local communities.